Articles
Evidence-based reading on perimenopause and menopause — the same library Teala surfaces inside the app, matched to the hormonal stage you're in.
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- Biology HRV in Perimenopause Why estrogen loss drives your HRV lower, and what the trend tells you.
- Sleep Sleep Architecture in Perimenopause Why your sleep is fragmenting, not failing.
- Symptoms Hot Flashes and Anxiety Amplify Each Other The physiological loop that makes both worse, and how to break it.
Symptoms
- Bloating and Digestion in Perimenopause Why hormones disrupt your gut and what actually helps.
- Body Odor Changes in Perimenopause Hormonal shifts alter sweat glands and skin bacteria. Here is what actually changes.
- Dry Eye After Menopause Androgens, not estrogen, control tear film quality, and HRT may make symptoms worse.
- Estrogen and Joint Pain in Perimenopause Why joint symptoms accelerate during the hormonal transition and what actually helps.
- Fatigue in Perimenopause Has Multiple Causes Sleep loss, iron deficiency, and thyroid dysfunction each need separate diagnosis and treatment.
- Hair Loss During Perimenopause Why estrogen decline drives follicular miniaturisation, and which treatments have real evidence.
- Heart Palpitations in Perimenopause Why they happen, what SWAN found, and when to seek care.
- Hot Flashes and Anxiety Amplify Each Other The physiological loop that makes both worse, and how to break it.
- Migraines and Perimenopause Estrogen fluctuation drives worsening attacks, and why postmenopause often brings relief.
- Night Sweat Triggers and Controls What drives nocturnal vasomotor events and which interventions actually reduce them.
- Oral Health at Menopause How estrogen decline affects your teeth, gums, and mouth, and what to do about it.
- Perimenopause Weight Gain and Metabolism Why visceral fat accumulates during the transition and which interventions actually work.
- Restless Legs in Perimenopause How iron, dopamine, and estrogen combine to disrupt your sleep.
- Skin and Collagen Loss After Menopause Estrogen withdrawal drives measurable dermal collagen loss. Here is what the evidence supports for slowing it.
- Skin Itching in Perimenopause Why estrogen loss causes itch, formication, and crawling sensations, and what works.
- Tinnitus and Perimenopause How falling estrogen affects auditory processing and what actually helps.
- Urinary Incontinence After Menopause Why type matters: the same hormone that drives symptoms can worsen them depending on how it's delivered.
HRT
- Bioidentical Hormones Decoded FDA-approved bioidentical HRT exists; compounded versions add cost, not benefit.
- Cyclical vs Continuous HRT Regimens Perimenopause and postmenopause need different progestogen schedules. Here is when to switch.
- Estrogen Delivery Methods and Clot Risk How the route of administration affects metabolism, safety, and symptom control
- HRT After Surgical Menopause Removing the ovaries before natural menopause reverses the usual risk-benefit equation for hormone therapy.
- HRT and Breast Cancer Risk The 2002 study scared millions of women off hormones. The full picture is more nuanced.
- HRT and Cardiovascular Risk Timing The cardiovascular case for HRT depends on when, not just whether, you start.
- HRT and Dementia Risk The neuroprotective case for estrogen depends entirely on when you start.
- Monitoring and Adjusting HRT Over Time What to review, when to change doses, and how to get HRT working well.
- Non-Hormonal Hot Flash Treatments From fezolinetant to SNRIs and gabapentin: what the evidence actually shows.
- POI Is Not Early Menopause It carries distinct health risks and demands a different treatment approach.
- Stopping HRT: Symptoms and Timeline Most women experience symptom return regardless of how they stop, and tapering rarely changes that.
- Testosterone Therapy in Women What clinical trials show about HSDD, off-label prescribing, and long-term unknowns.
- Your First Three Months on HRT Which side effects resolve on their own, and which need attention.
Sleep
- Alcohol Worsens Menopause Sleep Alcohol disrupts sleep architecture and triggers hot flashes through mechanisms that compound existing perimenopausal vulnerabilities.
- CBT-I Outperforms Sleep Medication in Menopause The first-line insomnia treatment that works even when hot flashes persist.
- Melatonin and Sleep in Perimenopause What melatonin does, where the evidence holds up, and what it won't fix.
- Sleep Apnea After Menopause OSA triples in postmenopausal women, and looks nothing like the textbook.
- Sleep Architecture in Perimenopause Why your sleep is fragmenting, not failing.
- Wearables and Sleep in Perimenopause What consumer sleep trackers actually measure, and how to read the data during hormonal transition.
Mental Health
- ADHD Worsening in Perimenopause Declining estrogen disrupts dopamine support, unmasking or amplifying ADHD symptoms in your 40s.
- Anxiety in Perimenopause Explained How estrogen fluctuation destabilises GABA and serotonin, and which treatments address the source.
- Brain Fog in Perimenopause What's happening in your brain, and why it often starts before your cycle changes.
- Emotional Hypersensitivity in Perimenopause The neurobiology behind intensified emotional reactions, and the interventions with evidence.
- Grief and Identity in Menopause Why menopause ends the reproductive self, and how women grieve that loss.
- Irritability and Rage in Perimenopause Why estradiol fluctuation drives emotional volatility, and what actually helps.
- Perimenopausal Depression Is Biologically Distinct Hormonal fluctuation drives new-onset depression in ways that change which treatments work.
- Perimenopause Symptoms at Work Hot flashes, brain fog, and fatigue hit hardest during peak career years.
Nutrition & Lifestyle
- Aerobic and Resistance Training in Menopause Combined training outperforms either type alone for body composition, bone density, and metabolic health.
- Alcohol in Perimenopause Why the same amount hits harder, worsens symptoms, and carries different risks in midlife.
- Anti-Inflammatory Eating in Perimenopause How estrogen loss raises inflammation and which dietary patterns reliably reduce it.
- Bone Loss in Menopause Loss starts before your last period and peaks in the years immediately after. Here is what actually slows it.
- Creatine for Midlife Women Lower baseline stores and declining estrogen make perimenopausal women the group most likely to benefit.
- Gut Health and Perimenopause Hormones How gut bacteria regulate estrogen, drive inflammation, and shift weight and mood.
- Magnesium and Perimenopause Why midlife women run low and what the evidence supports for sleep, mood, and bone.
- Mediterranean Diet in Menopause The strongest benefits are cardiovascular and metabolic, not direct hot flash relief.
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Menopause What fish oil actually does during the transition, and what it does not.
- Protein and Muscle Loss in Perimenopause Why standard protein guidelines fall short during the menopausal transition, and what the evidence supports.
- Soy Isoflavones and Hot Flashes Meta-analyses show measurable vasomotor relief, but only if you sustain the dose for six months.
- Time-Restricted Eating in Menopause What TRE can and cannot do for midlife women, and who should be cautious
- Vitamin D in Perimenopause What your blood level means, how much to take, and why it matters beyond bone.
Sexual Health
- GSM: Vaginal Symptoms That Worsen Over Time Why genitourinary syndrome of menopause progresses without treatment and what actually works.
- Painful Sex During Menopause Dyspareunia has at least four distinct causes, each requiring a different treatment.
- Pelvic Floor Changes in Menopause Why estrogen loss weakens pelvic support tissues, and why physiotherapy outperforms surgery for most presentations.
- Sexual Desire in Menopause Why desire drops in midlife and which interventions actually work.
Biology
- Cortisol and the Perimenopausal Brain Why the same stressors hit harder now, and what that means for your brain long-term.
- Estrogen's Reach Beyond Reproduction Estrogen receptors span almost every organ system, which is why their withdrawal triggers such wide-ranging effects.
- FSH and LH Blood Tests Explained Why FSH variability makes a single blood test unreliable in perimenopause
- How Hot Flashes Work Why the hypothalamus misfires and what every treatment targets.
- HRV in Perimenopause Why estrogen loss drives your HRV lower, and what the trend tells you.
- Insulin Resistance in Perimenopause Estrogen decline triggers a metabolic shift that diet and exercise alone cannot reverse.
- Perimenopause Stages Explained Hormonal disruption begins years before your cycles change. Here is the map.
- Progesterone Decline in Perimenopause Progesterone falls before estrogen, and its brain effects explain the earliest perimenopausal symptoms.
- Testosterone Decline in Perimenopause What testosterone does, why it falls, and how it shapes energy, libido, and drive
- Thyroid Disease in Perimenopause Nearly identical symptoms, one blood test separates them.